AP MCQ 06ABCDEFGHI PART 1

Question 01:

What can one reasonably expect, when matter made up of particles with relatively high kinetic energies is brought into thermal contact with matter made up of particles with relatively low kinetic energies?

A transfer of energy from cold matter to hot matter
Ultimately, the establishment of a thermal equilibrium
Work being done by the low energy particles on the high energy particles
An overall loss of energy

Question 02:

Samples of neon gas and of krypton gas, with identical numbers of moles, pressures and volumes, are also held at the same temperature. What can be said of the particles of neon gas when compared to the particles of krypton gas?

They have less kinetic energy since they are lighter
They have more kinetic energy since they are lighter
They have the same kinetic energy and the same velocity
They have the same kinetic energy but a different velocity

Question 03:

A sample of gas is held in a rigid cylinder that has a piston inserted into it. As the gas expands in the cylinder, the piston is seen to move upwards. Which of the following statements best describes the change that occurs?

The piston does work on the gas since the gas expands
The gas does work on the cylinder since the cylinder expands
The gas does work on the piston since it pushes against atmospheric pressure
The atmosphere does work on the gas as the gas expands

Question 04:

In an exothermic chemical reaction, where the reaction is considered to be ‘the system’;

Energy is transferred from the system to the surroundings and ΔH_system is positive
Energy is transferred from the system to the surroundings and ΔH_system is negative
Energy is transferred to the system from the surroundings and ΔH_system is positive
Energy is transferred to the system from the surroundings and ΔH_system is negative

Questions 05-06:

A 100.0 g sample of aluminum metal is heated to 80.00°C and then immersed in a relatively cold water bath that contains 0.1000 kg of water until thermal equilibrium is established. The specific heat capacity of water is known to be 4.200 J/g°C, and the apparatus is considered to be perfectly insulated (no energy losses are observed to either the atmosphere or the apparatus itself). The following data are collected. Question 05:

According to the data, which of the following is the correct set-up for the calculation of the specific heat capacity of Al, if it is assigned a value of x?

(0.1000)(4.200)(34.79-25.00) = - (100.0)(x)(34.79-80.00)
(100.0)(4.200)(34.79-25.00) = (100.0)(x)(34.79-80.00)
(0.1000)(4.200)(34.79-25.00) = (100.0)(x)(34.79-80.00)
(100.0)(4.200)(34.79-25.00 ) = - (100.0)(x)(34.79-80.00)

Question 06:

Tin is a metal with a much smaller specific heat capacity than aluminum. If identical samples of tin and aluminum are exposed to identical amounts of energy, which of the following represents the most likely set of observations?

The temperature change in each metal will be identical
The temperature change of the tin will be greater than the temperature change of aluminum
The temperature change of the aluminum will be greater than the temperature change of tin
More information is required to predict the temperature change that will be observed in each metal sample

Question 07:

In a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution plot of the number of particles of a particular gas (y-axis), and their kinetic energies (x-axis), at three different temperatures, 100K, 200K and 300K, at which temperature will the peak of the curve be furthest to the right on the x-axis?

100K
200K
300K
All peaks appear at the same point on the x-axis

Question 08:

When calculating the energy change that occurs when water freezes, which of the following is true?

Energy is released by the water in an exothermic process, and the enthalpy of fusion must be known
Energy is absorbed by the water in an endothermic process, and the enthalpy of fusion must be known
Energy is released by the water in an exothermic process, and the enthalpy of vaporization must be known
Energy is absorbed by the water in an exothermic process, and the enthalpy of vaporization must be known

Question 09:

Which of the following is true, when two bodies at different initial temperature, reach thermal equilibrium after being in thermal contact?

The average kinetic energy of the particles in both bodies will be the same
Energy will have been transferred from the cold body to the hot body in the process of achieving thermal equilibrium
The temperature at thermal equilibrium, will definitely be exactly half-way between the initial colder body and the initial warmer body
Energy will be transferred in the form of work

Question 10:

Which equation below, best represents the energy associated with the system and the surroundings, when energy is transferred via heat, from one to the other?