AP MCQ 03DEFGHKLM PART 1

Question 01:

A homogeneous, liquid solution such as aqueous sodium chloride, can be characterized by which of the following properties?

It has particles large enough to scatter light
Any process of separation will be based upon the intermolecular attractions of the particles present in the solution
Salt crystals can be separated from the water by a process of simple filtration
At the macroscopic level it is possible to distinguish the solvent from the solute

Questions 02-03:

Four balloons are filled to an identical volume (0.500 L), held at an identical pressure (1.00 atm), and maintained at an identical temperature (298 K), with the only difference being the gas used in each case.

Question 02:

Which balloon has the greatest number of moles of gas?

He
CO₂
There is insufficient information to tell
They each have the same number of moles

Question 03:

An identical, microscopic pinhole is made in each of the balloons. After 24 hours, which of the balloons will have the largest physical size?

He
N₂
CH₄
CO₂

Question 04:

When a gas such as CO₂, at a temperature of 430 K, is found to exhibit a measured pressure that is less than the pressure predicted by the ideal gas law, which of the following provides the best explanation for the observation?

CO₂ molecules are sufficient large that the attractive forces between them become significant
CO₂ molecules are polar, so the attractive forces between are significant
CO₂ molecules are sufficiently large that they take up more than negligible space in the vessel
CO₂ molecules are effusing from the vessel causing a drop in pressure

Question 05:

Under which set of conditions, would oxygen gas be expected to behave least like an ideal gas?

100. K and 0.500 atm
100 K and 5.00 atm
200 K and 0.500 atm
200 K and 1.00 atm

Question 06:

2.0 L of a gas initially at a pressure of 1.0 atm, is allowed to expand to a new volume of 4.0 L while maintaining a constant temperature. What can be said of the new pressure, and the change in kinetic energy of the gas particles?

The new pressure is 0.5 atm and the kinetic energy of the particles doubles
The new pressure is 0.5 atm and the kinetic energy of the particles is unchanged
The new pressure is 2.0 atm and the kinetic energy of the particles doubles
The new pressure is 2.0 atm and the kinetic energy of the particles is unchanged

Question 07:

In the situation described by the equation below, several different, nanoscopic processes can be thought of as occurring, two of which are also identified below.

AgNO_3(s) → AgNO_3(aq)

• Silver ions are separated from nitrate ions in solid AgNO₃
• Water molecules are separated from one another in liquid H₂O

Which of the following accurately describes another process that occurs when the solid silver nitrate is converted to an aqueous solution of silver nitrate?

Water molecules surround only the silver ions with the hydrogen atoms being attracted to the silver ions
Water molecules surround only the nitrate ions with the hydrogen atoms being attracted to the nitrate ions
Water molecules surround the silver ions and the nitrate ions, with the hydrogen atoms being attracted to the silver ions and the oxygen atoms being attracted to the nitrate ions
Water molecules surround the silver ions and the nitrate ions, with the oxygen atoms being attracted to the silver ions and the hydrogen atoms being attracted to the nitrate ions

Questions 08-09:

For Questions 8-9 consider the process of dissolving solid calcium chloride in water.

Question 08:

The dissolution of calcium chloride is found to have an enthalpy change, ΔH° = -120 kJ mol_rxn^-1. Which is the best explanation for the sign associated with this change?

It is extremely difficult to separate calcium ions from chloride ions in the calcium chloride lattice
There are very strong dipole-ion interactions between the water molecules and the calcium ions and the water molecules and the chloride ions
The covalent bonds in water are very strong
The hydrogen bonding in water is difficult to overcome

Question 09:

Which equation best summarizes the process of dissolving solid calcium chloride in water?

CaCl_2(s) → Ca_(aq) + Cl_2(aq)
Ca²⁺_(aq) + Cl₂^-_(aq) → CaCl_2(s)
CaCl_2(s) → Ca²⁺_(aq) + Cl₂^-_(aq)
CaCl_2(s) → Ca²⁺_(aq) + 2Cl^-_(aq)

Question 10:

When accurately diluting a solution, which of the following is considered to be part of an acceptable procedure?

Using a graduated cylinder to measure the water to be added to the concentrated solution
Using a graduated cylinder to measure the water to be added to the concentrated solution in a beaker
Using a volumetric pipet to transfer the concentrated solution to a volumetric flask before making up the mark with distilled water
Using a volumetric pipet to transfer the concentrated solution to a beaker before making up to the final volume distilled water

Question 11:

Which statement is true, of four identical (in terms of P, T, and V) balloons, one containing He, one containing H₂, one containing SF₆, and one containing Cl₂?

H₂ molecules are the smallest particles, so will have the largest number of atoms
SF₆ deviates most from ideal behavior
After 24 hours, the SF₆ balloon will be the smallest
The kinetic energies of the gases vary with the mass of the particles